In directional wireless sensor networks (DSNs), sensor nodes with directional antennas provide extended network\nlifetime and better coverage performance. However, one of the key challenges of directional nodes is to discover their\nneighbors due to difficulty in achieving synchronization among their directed transmissions and receptions. Existing\nsolutions suffer from high discovery latency and poor percentage of neighbor discovery either due to lack of proper\ncoordination or centralized management of the discovery operation. In this work, we develop a collaborative\nneighbor discovery (COND) mechanism for DSNs. Each COND node polls to directly discover its neighbors in a\ndistributed way and collaborates with the already discovered nodes so as to allow indirect discovery. It helps to\nincrease the neighbor discovery performance significantly. A Markov chain-based analytical model is developed to\nquantify theoretical performances of the proposed COND system. The performance of the COND system is evaluated\nin Network Simulator Version 3, and simulation results reveal that it greatly reduces the discovery latency and\nincreases neighbor discovery ratio compared to state-of-the-art approaches.
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